Effect of Wheat Monoculture on Durum Wheat Yield under Rainfed Sub-Humid Mediterranean Climate of Tunisia

Cultivating cereals in monoculture systems contributes to the decrease grain yield and quality. Currently, under Mediterranean climate conditions of Tunisia, wheat mono-cropping covers more than 70% cereal areas. In order reveal impact this practice on productivity, five improved durum cultivars (Karim, Khiar, Om Rabiaa, Razzek, Maali) were conducted two previous crop: one-year crop (W) successive years (W-W). Then, they assessed for (GY), components (NKS, TKW, NS), straw yield, harvest index (SY, HI), quality parameters during three consecutive cropping seasons (2017, 2018, 2019). The results showed significant effects season all measured parameters, except thousand kernel weight (TKW). A effect (p < 0.05) Pre-Crop was observed components. However, (GY) after (4082.3 kg ha−1) (W-W) (3277.3 ha−1). Our show that, based three-year experiment, almost related traits significantly affected by genotype HI NS. highest GYs recorded Rabiaa (4010.4 Nasr (3765.76 All season, but only gluten content (GC) vitreousness aspect (Vit A) genotype. On other hand, W-W decreased protein concentration (GPC) (12.13%) GC (22.14%) no Vit our study. Furthermore, GY positively correlated with (r = 0.64), NKS 0.59), SN 0.49), GPC 0.23), 0.23). According stability analysis, Karim cultivar is most stable (SY). Altogether, study provides useful information farmers how produce a satisfactory cultivation sub-humid environment Tunisia.